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Heat and Mass Transfer between Indoor Air and a Permeable and Hygroscopic Building Envelope: Part II – Verification and Numerical Studies

Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Saskatchewan 57 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A9, CanadaCarey.Simonson{at}usask.ca

Mikael Salaonvaara

Tuomo Ojanen

VTT Building and Transport Materials and Products P.O. Box 1804, FIN – 02044 VTT, Finland

As simultaneous heat and mass transfer between building envelopes and indoor air is complicated and expensive to measure in laboratory and field experiments, a numerical model is important in understanding and extrapolating experimental results. In this paper a numerical model that solves simultaneous heat and mass transfer between building envelopes and indoor air is verified using the field measurements presented in Part I of this paper. The verification results show that the model is able to predict the transfer of water vapor, CO₂, and SF₆ between the building envelope and air. The model is then applied to investigate the humidity, comfort, and air quality in a bedroom of a wooden building located in four European countries (Finland, Belgium, Germany, and Italy). The numerical results show that moisture transfer between indoor air and the hygroscopic structure significantly reduces the peak indoor humidity (up to 35% RH), percent dissatisfied with warm respiratory comfort (up to 10%) and the percent dissatisfied with indoor air quality (up to 25%).

Key Words: humidity • mass transfer • modeling • sorption • hygroscopic materials • tracer gas • ventilation

Journal of Thermal Envelope and Building Science, Vol. 28, No. 2, 161-185 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/1097196304044397


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